Hoeseshoe-machine



UNTED STATES raranr onirica.

f HoRsEsHoE-MACHINE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent No. 29,365, dated July 31, 1860.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DEsNos, of the city of Troy, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Machine or Apparatus for Manufacturing Shoes for Horses, Mules, and other Animals; and I do hereby declare that the following contains a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, which make a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a front elevation of one of my improved horse-shoe machines; Fig. 2 an elevation of the feeding-in side of the machine, and Fig. 3 an elevation of its opposite side; Fig. et a vertical section from front to rear at, and elevation of the parts on the right hand side of, the lines .e e and y y in Fig. l; Fig. 5 a horizontal section at, and plan of the parts below, the line fc in Figs. l, 2, 3 and et; and Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, l0, ll, l2, 13, let, l5, are details of the machine.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures; and the red arrows therein indicate the directions in which the parts move.

Fly improved machine is for automatically manufacturing the shoes from a bar of iron at a suitable forging heat, and of a square or other suitable form, and of a sectional size adapted to the dimensions of the shoe. The successive operations of the machine upon the bar are as follows: First, a suitable length of the heated bar for the shoe is drawn in and cut off by the machine. The severed piece is next bent into the general form of the shoe, and then the shoe is swaged or hammered in one of a series of intermittingly revolving molds or female dies, into the proper varying width and thickness in its different parts. Next the shoe is moved forward, while in the mold, to a reciprocating or vibrating creasing-die by which the shoe is creased or grooved; and is next moved, while still in the mold, to a reciprocating nail-hole punch by which the shoe is pierced for the nails; and finally, the shoe is discharged from the machine. Vhile one shoe is being punched for the nails, another is being grooved or creased, and another swaged into the proper' width and thickness; and a length suitable for a shoe, of the heated iron rod, is also at the same time, being fed into and cutoffl by the machine. And, while a finished shoe is being discharged from the machine, one shoe is being transferred, by the machine, from the creasing die to the nail-hole punch, and another from the swaging hammer to the creasing die, and at the same time a piece of the iron rod is being bent into the form of the shoe; and thus the operations of the machine continue.

The device for intermittingly feeding in and cutting off a series of pieces, of the heated iron rod, of suitable length for the shoes, without reducing the heat too low at the parts of the rod which stop directly between the feed-rollers, consists of a certain combination of a constantly revolving segmental roller, A, and a friction roller, A, and a movable cutter, B, and a fixed cutter or rest B, Fig. 9, the rollers and cutters being so formed and arranged and operated together and in respect to the bending device of the machine, that while the projecting circular surface, w, Fig. 8, of the roller A is opposite, and next, to the roller A as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the bar, o, will then be embraced and fed in by those rollers, between and past the cutters, B, B, and into the'bending device, the proper length for a shoe, and that while the flat or depressed part, w', of the roller A, Fig. S, is opposite to the roller A', the rod, fu, will not then be embraced or fed forward by the rollers, but remains stationary and free between them, and is during that time cut off by the cutters B B, the bearings of the feed-rollers, A, A, being constantly stationary during the whole time of intermitting feeding in and cutting off the bar into pieces for the shoes. By means of a stop u, Figs. l and 5, which the end of the rod meets just as the surface w is about leaving the rod, the cutting' of the rod into pieces of more exactly equal length is insured. The axis of one of the feed-rollers, A in Figs. G and 7, is mounted on a movable stock, u', so that the person in attendance upon the machine can, by moving that stock, move that roller either so as to stop, or so as to renew, the intermittent feeding in of the rod, as circumstances may require in working the machine. By pressing dovvn on the treadlelever t, Figs. L and 6, the attendant brings the feed rollers into intermittent action upon-the rod, and the spring-dog t retains them in that condition. By lifting up the lever, s, which carries the dog t, the attendant throws the feed rollers out of action upon the bar.

s is an indicating hand-lever which is connected to the lever s by a pin 1 in the latter, and which the attendant gently bears against the bar o, Figs. l, 2, and 5, at such a distance from the cutters B, B', that when the bar becomes too short for another shoe the last end of the bar will then have passed the lever s, whereupon the attendant will move that lever past the track of the bar and so as to move the lever s and stock u and thereby stop the action of the feed rollers and so prevent the feeding into the machine of a piece too short for a shoe. But any other suitable device may be employed in throwing the constantly-revolving segmental roller A and friction roller A into and out of intermittent action upon the heated rod or barA without affecting the distinguishing feature of my above-described improved device for intermittingly feeding in and cutting off the bar into a series of pieces of suitable length for the shoes.

The device for bending and swaging a series of the pieces of the heated iron bar into the proper form and thickness of the shoes consists of a combination of a pair of holding and bending jaws, C, C, a reciprocating or vibrating swaging die or hammer, D, and an intermittingly revolving anvil E, provided around its periphery with a series of equidistant female dies or molds, f, for the shoes, each of which molds has a core, g, which, while engaged with the jaws C, C, in the operation of bending the shoes, projects radially beyond the flange, h, of the mold, the arrangement and operation of the said parts being as follows, to wit: At each step of the anvil, E, it is turned an angular distance just equal to the angular distance that the dies, 7, are apart thereon; and those dies with their cores, g, are arranged with their toe ends forward in the direct-ion in which the anvil turns. lVhen the machine is in full operation a shoe is bent into the required form during each step or forward turning of the anvil, by means of the jaws C, C, and a core, g, each core being of the form and size of the inside of the shoes to be made thereon. The aws, C, C, are arranged directly opposite to each other, and during each step of the anvil a core, g, passes through midway between them, and in the plane or arc in which they are arranged, as shown by Fig. l0. While the anvil is stationary the ends, fr", r', of the jaws C, C,

` are so far in advance of a core, g, which there projects beyond the flanges, h, of the mold f, that the bar for the shoe can then be fed in just above or over the mold and between the front side of the core and the ends of the jaws, as seen in Figs. 1, 5 and l1. Just after the bar is there fed in and is cut ofi", the anvil turns forward a step, and in so doing causes the front side of the core to press against, and bend the middle of the severed piece of iron in between the jaws, C, C,which jaws approach each other as the core and iron pass through between them, and thereby the jaws bend the ends of the piece of iron inward against. the sides of the core so as to make the shoe narrower toward the heel than near the toe. The swaging-die or hammer, D, is so arranged that at the end of each step made by the anvil, the mold which has then last passed between the jaws C, C, is left directly under or opposite to the hammer, as shown in Fig. 4, and remains there while the anvil is stationary. While the anvil is at rest the die or hammer, D, strikes or presses with a re ciprocating or vibratory motion one, two, three, or more times upon the bent shoe, o, around the core, and thereby drives the shoe into the mold and swages it into the exact form required, the distances between the different parts of the cores g and the flanges 7L of the female dies being such as to insure the proper width to the various parts of the shoes, and the form of the face of the hammer D being such as to give the proper plain surface to the lower side of the shoe, and the depressed surface of the molds being so shaped as to give the proper beveled surface to the upper side of the shoe, and the relative distances between the different parts of the faces of the hammer and the molds, when nearest together, being such as to insure the proper relative thickness to the different parts of the shoes. The cores g may be either radially movable, or permanently stationary, in the anvil, the swaging die D, and the creasing and punching dies which act upon the shoes while in the female dies of the anvil, being, in the latter case, made hollow, so as to receive the end of the cores. If the cores are made radially movable, they may be pressed out-ward by a spring, g, Fig. 4, which will yield under the pressure of the dies against the core, but which will also shove the core out so that its end projects beyond the anvil dies as shown in Fig. 4, whenever the pressure of the reciprocating die is removed from the core. Or, the radially movable core may be positively forced outward to beyond the molds, (so as to bend the shoes,) and then retracted, (so as to just be out of the way of the swaging, creasing, and punching dies,) by means of any suitable mechanism operated at the proper time by the machine itself. The anvil is locked fast at the end of each step and until the beginning of another, so that it then cannot be turned either way by the action of the swaging and other recipro cating dies upon it.

The device by which the machine creases the series of shoes as fast as they are successively forged by the machine consists of a vibrating creasing-die, H, which is so arranged and operated that at the end of each step of the anvil the mold therein which last stopped under or opposite to the swaging hammer D, will next stop directly under or opposite to the said creasing-die, and that the creasing die is, while the anvil remains stationary, forced Vinto the shoe in the mold opposite thereto, so as to thereby produce the proper grooves or creases in the under side of the shoe, and with or without marking or partially punching the nailholes.

The contrivance by which the machine punches the nail-holes either entirely or very nearly through the shoes as fast as it creases them consists of a reciprocating or vibrating punch, I, which is so arranged and operated that at the end of each step of the anvil E, the mold thereon which last stopped opposite to the creasing die H, will next stop directly opposite to the nail-hole punch, and that in the time when the anvil is at rest the same punch is forced down into the shoe in the anvil-die, and thereby punches the nail holes either entirely through the shoe, when the molds are perforated to receive th-e iron forced out by the punch, or very nearly through the shoe, when the molds are not perforated, there being in the latter case sutcient elasticity in the parts which move the punch to prevent it from being broken too often for profitable use.

The device by which the finished shoes are successively taken out of the molds of the anvil consists in having a notch or gap, c, in the toe-end of the flange 7L of each of the said dies, and a vibrating tongue, J, which is so arranged and opera-ted that in each time while the anvil is turning a step, the edge of the tongue will scrape along through the notch c, and under the toe of the shoe, and then quickly rise over the core as the latter passes by, and thus lift the shoe out of the mold so that it will fall from the machine.

Any suitable mechanical construction and means may be employed to communicate and secure the above specified requisite movements and stationary conditions, from a common prime motor, to the segmental feed-roller A, cutter B, jaws, C, C, swaging-die D, anvil E, creasing-die H, nail-hole punch I, and discharging tongue J, without affecting the essential features of any part of my invention which I hereinafter claim as new. In the machine represented by the annexed drawings those parts are operated as follows, K being the main driving shaft: The segmental roller A is revolved by means of the equal bevel wheels g, j), Figs. l and 4, and shaft L. The cutter B receives its vibrating motion through the equal spurwheels N, O, shaft lVI, cams 0, n, Fig. 4, arms N, a, rock-shaft M, arm 0, and linkbar L Fig. 5. The anvil E receives its step by step motion through the crank my, Fig. 2, pawl O guided by the link P, ratchet wheel fm, and anvil-shaft I), and is locked fast by the spring-dogs Z and Q., Figs. 2 and 3, and ratchet wheels Z, Q, the pawl Q, being disengaged by the cam 7c on wheel O, to let the anvil be turned by the pawl 0. The hammer D is struck or pressed upon the shoe by the cams 7L, 72,, it, L, acting through the arm j hung on shaft T, stock R and rock-bar S, and is drawn `back by a spring g, Fig. t, fast to the frame S and branch-arm f of arm j. The jaws C, C, are on levers R, R', worked by cams, z', 2', on the anvil, and springs z", The die H is worked by cam U and spring e. The punch I is o-pe-rated by the cams 0, n, and rock-shaft-arms N, a, W; and the tongue J by cam X and jointed rockshaft-lever X. The roller A, molds f, cores g, cams z', z', hammer D, creaser H, and punch I, may, as shown by the drawings, be so mounted that they can be easily removed and others put in their places for convenience in repairing the machine, and to fit it for making shoes of different sizes.

I am well aware that the operations of intermittingly feeding-in and cutting-off the heated iron bar into pieces for the shoes, and o-f bending and swaging those pieces into the form of the shoes, and of creasing and punching the shoes for the nails, have been, or were to be, automatically performed in horse-shoe machines heretofore devised; but by contrivances essentially different from the above described particular' devices by which I effect those operations and to which I limit my claim.

That I claim as new and of my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. The combination of the segmental roller A, and friction roller A, with the cutters, B, B, the whole being arranged and operating together as herein described to intermittingly feed in and cut ofi. the heated iron bar.

2. The combination of an intermittinglyrevolving anvil E, provided with a series of equidistant female shoe-dies or molds, f, each having a core, g, which projects beyond the mold, as herein described, with a vibrating die or hammer D, and a pair of vibrating jaws C C, the whole arranged and operating together substantially as herein described, to bend and swage the pieces of the heated iron bar into the form of the shoes.

The reciprocating creasing-die II,vvhen arranged and operating in combination with the intermittingly-revolving anvil E, the hammer D, and the jaws C, C, as herein described, to successively and automatically forge and crease the shoes.

4. The combination of the vibrating nail- I 5. The vibrating tongue J When arranged hole-punch I, With the intermittingly-reand operating as herein described, to diS- l0 volving anvil E, creasing-die H, hammer D, char e the shoes from the molds of the inand aws C, C, all arranged and operating termittingly-revolving anvil. together substantially as herein described, JOSEPH DESNOS. for the purpose of successively bending, swaging, creasing and punching the shoes at one continuous mechanical operation.

Witnesses:

CHAS. DURAND, AUSTIN F. PARK. 

